ЗАПОВЕДНИКИ – ОБЛАСТЬ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРАВОВЫХ НОРМ

Павлова С.А.¹, Павлов И.Е.², Магдеева К.Р.³, Митина И.А.⁴

¹ Доктор биологических наук, профессор РАНХиГС, ² кандидат юридических наук, ^3,4 студентка РАНХиГС

ЗАПОВЕДНИКИ –  ОБЛАСТЬ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРАВОВЫХ НОРМ

Аннотация

В статье рассмотрены вопросы заповедного дела и охраны памятников, необходимость разработки концепции рентабельного развития  заповедников «Опук» и «Аркаим».

Ключевые слова: законодательство, рентабельность, концепция развития, заповедное дело.

Pavlova S.A.¹, Pavlov I.E.², Magdeeva K.R.³, Mitina I.A.⁴

¹ PhD in Biology, Professor of RANEPA, ² PhD in Jurisprudence, ^3,4 student of the RANEPA

 WILDLIFE RESERVES - AREA OF DEVELOPMENT OF RULES OF LAW

 Abstract

In article questions of reserved business and protection of monuments, need of development of the concept of profitable development of the reserves "Opuk" and "Arkaim" are considered.

Keywords: legislation, profitability, concept of development, reserved business.

Popularity of reserves, national parks and wildlife reserve grows not only among scientists, but also at simple inhabitants. Now in Russia a wide network of territories with especially protected status - national parks, reserves, wildlife reserve. Known Russian scientists Dokuchayev V. V., Semenov-Tjan-Shansky P. P., Sukachyov V. N. considered that reserves should become standards of wildlife which are necessary for protecting, studying and keeping for the future generations.

For last 20 years in Russia it has been created 28 new reserves and national parks, 10 federal wildlife reserve. Their total area has increased by 80 percent. After occurrence of Crimea in jurisdiction of the Russian Federation, Russia has got also valuable objects of a cultural and natural heritage of Crimea. One of such acquisitions is Opuksky wildlife reserve. It has been created in Crimea in 1998 according to the Decree of the President of Ukraine from 12.05.98 № 459/98 for the purpose of realization of the Program of perspective development of reserved business in Ukraine confirmed by the Decision of the Supreme Rada of Ukraine of 22.09.94 № 177/94. Preservation of a biological and landscape variety of natural boundary Opuk and a coastal zone of Black sea of the Crimean region was its purpose. Now this reserve has entered under jurisdiction of Russia. The legislation of the Russian Federation allows to protect and protect objects natural and a cultural heritage of Opuksky reserve.

In the Chelyabinsk area the big scientific value has a unique complex - "Arkaim". It is reserve which should fill up fund world natural and a cultural heritage. "Arkaim" - the most ancient monument of culture. It is included into the list of the most unusual and exotic tourist routes recommended by experts of magazine "Forbes".

The great value has development of the legislation in the field of protection of a natural heritage. Territories with a protection particular treatment are under jurisdiction of the legislation of the country in which they are located. Any activity in territory of reserves, wildlife reserve, national parks is regulated by the national legislation. In the Russian Federation a number of the governmental orders according to the Federal law «About especially protected natural territories» is accepted.

It is important to develop the concept of their profitable development for reserves "Arkaim" and "Opuk". The territory of Crimea on which the reserve "Opuk" is located is under the influence natural factors of climate therapy. Their beneficial influence on health of the person is established. The combination of unique natural objects of "Opuk" and a climate has unique medical an effect. The reserve "Arkaim" is unique objects of a historical and cultural heritage. They cause the big informative interest in inhabitants and visitors. The number of tourists, scientific coming to reserved places with the various purposes grows. Therefore in their territory it is necessary to develop an infrastructure and to watch observance of a mode of visiting of reserve.

Questions of development of reserved business and protection of monuments are connected with problems of profitable development of territory and an infrastructure. In this connection, it is necessary:

-Carefully to work variants of economic development - financing sources, variants of use of means, investment.

-To develop and accept programs of profitable development of territory taking into account demand and expenses.

-To estimate consequences from any activity - a damage, damage compensation, efficiency of rehabilitation actions etc.

Thus there is a necessity of study of questions of the legislation not only in the field of reserved business, but also in law allied industries. It is expedient to develop the legislation for concrete territory, considering its specificity, features of use.

By the decree of the President of the Russian Federation «About especially protected natural territories of the Russian Federation (from October, 2nd, 1992 № 1155) it is established that preservation and development of such territories is one of priorities of the state ecological policy of Russia. For the purpose of management efficiency increase by such territories it is expedient to study the international experience of application of legislative norms for management of situations of wildlife management. Further it is necessary to develop system of situational management for each concrete territory on the basis of regulating norms of the law. To keep objects of the unique nature and a cultural-historical heritage of reserves an important problem of mankind.

References

1. The resolution (N 51-P) "About the adoption of Situation and borders of the historical and cultural reserve of regional Arkaim value according to the Federal law "About objects of cultural heritage (historical and cultural monuments) of the people of the Russian Federation".
2. The law of Chelyabinsk region "About objects of cultural heritage (historical and cultural monuments) in Chelyabinsk region".
3. The resolution of the government of Chelyabinsk region of 21.07.2005 (N 104-P) "About the adoption of Provision on historical and cultural reserves of regional value".