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INFLUENCE OF BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS ON THE REDUCTION OF THE RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION OF OIL HYDROCARBONS IN SOILS
The paper presents the results of the study on the effect of various biological products on the reduction of the residual content of petroleum products in the soils of the Middle Ob region. The data on the influence of a time factor and a temperature factor on the efficiency of reducing the concentration of oil products under the influence of the tested preparations is given. The analysis was made with the use of gas chromatography with a mass-selective detector in order to identify the types of hydrocarbons decomposing in the soil affected by the tested biological preparations.
Read MoreEVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF MINING AND GEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS ON THE CORE RECOVERY AT WELL DRILLING
The paper presents the technical and technological factors of core recovery during drilling of expendable wells. The greatest impact on the core recovery have the mining and geological conditions of the deposit. A wide range of mining and geological conditions includes the physical and mechanical properties of rocks, hydrogeological and geocryological conditions of the deposit, geomechanical factors of the strained-deformed state formation of the rock mass. The paper also presents the technique of the influence estimation of mining-geological conditions on the core recovery at drilling of expendable wells.
Read MoreFORMATION OF A TECHNOGENIC WATER-CONDUCTING CRACK ZONE OVER A STOPE
It is proposed to use the Coulomb-Mora strength criterion for calculation of a boundary configuration of a water-conducting crack zone at the flow back of the series of coal seams, since there are no empirical coefficients in it. The results of numerical experiments on the evaluation of the stressed condition of the rock massif and the identification of water-conducting crack zones in the flow back of coal bed formations are presented.It is found that the height of the VPT zone increases with the length of the lava and decreases with increasing depth of flow back. At the chamber mining system, with an increase in the extractable capacity of the ore deposit, the height of the VLT zone increases, and with the increase in the working area, the height of this zone decreases with the formation of a deflection in its central part.
Read MoreTHE PROBLEM OF ESTIMATION OF THE UNDERGROUND WATER PROTECTION AGAINST POLLUTION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF KUSTOVOE OIL FIELD, KHMAD)
The paper deals with the problem of oil products contamination in the geological environment and, first of all, groundwater [1]. The assessment of the groundwater protection with the use of a numerical scope of protection (according to V.M. Goldberg), and the estimate of time, spent on infiltration of oil into groundwater are given. The satellite images of Landsat 8 (with the calculation of the vegetative index NDVI) were additionally used for the spatial assessment of the protection of underground and surface waters. The result is a methodical approach to a comprehensive assessment of groundwater protection during the reconstruction and design of trunk pipelines.
Read MoreMATHEMATICAL MODELING OF PREDICTION FOR EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF IMPACT ON THE BOTTOM-HOLE ZONE
A fundamentally new method for multifunctional regressive mathematical modeling of the evaluation of the technological efficiency of the treatment of the bottom-hole zone with an increase in the oil recovery coefficient is described in the paper. A new algorithm for determination of the efficiency of use of the technology is proposed, the multifactor regression model was tested for statistical reliability and significance, the forecast of the increase and the oil recovery factor were defined as well.
Read MoreSHORT-TERM FORECASTS OF WATER CONSUMPTION OF RIVERS IN COLOMBIA BY MATHEMATICAL MODELS
The common mathematical models allowing to predict the daily water flow from river basins are considered in the paper: the Tank model, the AWBM model, the Sacramento model, the SIMHYD model and the SMAR model. The evaluation of the models was carried out on the retrospective series of water flow of the rivers in Columbia with the identification of periods of parameterization, warm-up of models and verification forecasts. Three indicators were used to evaluate the results. The obtained results show that these models can be applied to the semi-mountain (not mountain) rivers of Colombia at assessment of the reliability on Nash-Satcliffe criteria.
Read MoreNUMERICALLY-ANALYTICAL MODEL OF TWO-LOOP DIPOLE PROFILING TECHNOLOGIES OF VERTICAL AND STEEPLY THIN CONDUCTIVE INCLINED SEAM BY TRANSITION PROCESS
The paper considers the mathematical models of transient electromagnetic field of the horizontal electrically conductive seam excited by a horizontal magnetic dipole, based on which with the help of images and numerical experiment method a new mathematical model was developed describing the transient electromagnetic field of steeply thin conductive inclined seam excited by a vertical magnetic dipole – the analytical description of the technology of dipole version transients, provided mainly by physical modeling. The results of the mathematical modeling correspond to the theoretical foundations of the method, the data of physical experiments and theory of “related” technology – modifications of dipole electromagnetic profiling.
Read MoreAPPROBATION OF METHODS OF LONG-TERM FORECASTING OF STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS ON RIVER BASINS OF IRAN
The article considers the possibility of applying the methodology for assessing consequences of the climate change to the river basins of Iran. The paper investigates Sefīd-Rūd and Kārun river basins. Approbation of the technique was performed with the help of retrospective material with the identification of low-water and high-water content phases with the aim of simulating climate change conditions. The forecast method is based on the Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equation. According to the results, reliable estimates of statistical characteristics of the river flow in Iran, it is necessary to use regional dependencies for the parameters of the forecast equation.
Read MoreWAVE DYNAMICS OF EXPONENTIALLY STRATIFIED MEDIUM
The problems of internal gravity waves dynamics in unbounded exponentially stratified medium are considered. We discuss the relevance and limits of applicability of the used stratified medium model. The basic qualitative features of the internal gravity waves plane packets dynamics are obtained. It is shown that internal gravity waves in an unbounded exponentially stratified medium qualitatively differ from acoustic and electromagnetic oscillations. The frequency of propagating internal waves oscillations can not exceed the buoyancy frequency. Internal gravity waves propagate not along the normal to the wave fronts.
Read MoreMORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF LEALANDS AREAS IN AGRO-LANDSCAPES OF CENTRAL BLACK SOIL REGION
High-resolution space images have detected more than 2,500 sites of abandoned arable land in the Belgorod Region and neighbouring administrative districts of the Kursk and Voronezh Regions. The share of localized lealands in 33 municipal districts and in the urban districts of the central part of the Russian Federation is estimated in the paper. Morphometric analysis of the sites of localized lealands was carried out according to the main indicators: Slope, exposure, height above sea level. Combinations of morphometric conditions that contribute to the abandonment of arable land in agro-landscape areas of the forest-steppe are revealed. It is shown that in order to create a representative network of supporting (key) lealand areas, sites located on the slopes of the south-western, southern and south-eastern exposition should receive the bigger share, and attention should be paid both to sites with a slope of more than 3 degrees, and relatively flat areas (slope up to 2 degrees).
Read MorePECULIARITIES OF MINING AND RECREATIONAL COMPLEXES DEVELOPMENT IN MODERN SOCIETY: LANDSCAPE APPROACH
The assessment of touristic and recreational potential of the territories is a topical issue of modern recreational geography. Most of the methods of such assessment are based on the integral-factor approach. The application of landscape approach in the assessment of touristic and recreational potential and the peculiarities of tourism development enables abandoning labour-intensive process of analyzing certain geo-system factors. We can, instead, move on to other principles of recreational zoning. In particular, this approach is relevant for mountain-recreational complexes, characterized by contrast and mosaic landscapes.
Read MoreON DYNAMICS OF PERENNIAL PLANTATIONS IN BELGOROD REGION
The article raises the problem of the necessity of gardening development. The author of the article refers to the problem of land development under perennial plantations. The article provides analysis of the dynamics of the indicators of areas occupied by perennial plantations in the period from 1955-2015 in the Belgorod region. The author establishes and justifies the correlation of dynamics indicators of perennial plantations. These indicators depend on the availability and development of normative legal acts regulating social relations within the framework of the agricultural sector under consideration.
Read MoreLOGICAL FACTORS OF FORMATION OF RADIATION BACKGROUND ON MOUNTAINOUS TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA–ALANIA
This paper considers the sources of natural radiation background in mountain regions. The presence of igneous rocks and high altitudes are the main geological factors increasing the parameter of radiation background. The results of practical research show the mountainous areas of increased radiation. The main conclusions are confirmed by measurements of the radiation produced in the areas with mining of ores and other minerals and at different altitudes as well. According to the results, the data base with geoinformation data with the radiation parameters is developed as well.
Read MoreCOMPORATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONCENTRATION AND FORMS OF EXISTENCE OF MYCROELEMENTS IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF DIFFERENT AREAS OF THE VOLGA RIVER
The significant amount of various pollutants is accumulated in the bottom deposits (BD). Heavy metals (HM) and their compounds always pose the highest danger to the quality of water. They are accumulated in BD substances under certain conditions and may go back to water. The mass-transfer in “water – bottom deposits” system largely depends on the form of their existence in BD. Thus, the study of HM migration in “water – bottom deposits” system and receiving quantitative estimates of the mass-transfer intensity in the system during different seasons is a task of primary importance. These characteristics create the basis for definition of presence or absence of the secondary pollution danger.
Read MoreDEFINTION OF OPTIMAL DURATION OF WORK FRONT AT OPEN MINING OF CARBONATE DEPOSITS OF COMPLEX STRUCTURE USING LAYER BY LAYER CUTTING MACHINES AND AUTOMOBILE TRANSPORT
Traditionally, drilling and fire system is used in preparing to extraction-and-loading work at development of carbonate deposits of complex structure. With all its benefits drilling and fire system has a number of shortcomings. One of its major drawbacks is the impossibility of selective mining. Layer by layer cutting machines allow to perform the thin-layer mining, improve the quality of the produced raw materials and improve the safety of the mining operations. The determination of the dependence of the work front during the development of carbonate deposits of complex structure with the usage of layer by layer cutting machines from the specific operating costs allows to reduce the production costs in practice.
Read MorePECULIARITIES OF HEAVY METALS MIGRATION AND ACCUMULATION IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE LAKE KULTUBAN (THE SOUTHERN URAL)
Coupled analysis of Cu, Zn, Fe, Ni, Pb, Mn, Co, Ba, Sc, Ti , Cd in water, bottom sediments and soils on the watershed of the Kultuban lake (Southern Urals) was performed. Main factors of metals lateral differentiation in catena were identified. Differentiation of litophile and siderophile (Fe, Ni, Mn, Co, Ba, Sc, Ti) elements are caused by natural factors related to bedrock chemical composition in autonomous and transeluvial facies. Accumulation of Cu, Zn and Cd noted in accumulative landscapes is caused by aerial input of aerosol produced by mining facilities located in the city of Sibai 6-10 km from the lake.
Read MoreFORECASTING OF DEFORMATIONS OF BUILDING STRUCTURES ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF GEODETIC OBSERVATIONS
The practical results of geodetic measurements allow not only to determine deformation of structures and engineering structures, but also to predict the process of deformation. Forecasting of deformations of buildings and its parts are manufactured on the basis of information which is obtained by various methods. Processing of such data is carried out by methods of mathematical statistics with the involvement of the probability theory. This publication provides the most common used methods of forecasting of deformations of building structures according to the results of geodetic observations.
Read MoreCOORDINATE THE METHOD OF DETERMINING THE RADII OF CURVES ON THE ROADS
The article describes the method of determining the radii of curves during the construction and certification of roads with the use of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). The formulas to determine the average square error of determining the radii of horizontal and vertical curves on the roads and the estimation accuracy. On the basis of the obtained results proved the production efficiency of the developed method. The technology of geodetic control can be carried out in modes of post processing of satellite measurements and RTK, and also allows you to determine the length of the curve
Read MoreIDENTIFICATION OF FLOOD-PRONE AREAS USING DIGITAL TOPOGRAPHIC BASE
The article deals with the current state of the problem in estimation flooded areas caused by inundations, river floods and hydrodynamic accidents. As a result of normative literature studies issues that are not represented have been presented. To develop new method suggested using the influence type of surface topography and out-of-parallel of initial levels. The solution of these states will allow to predict flooded areas and to identify areas favorable for the application of protective measures.
Read MoreOPERATIVE UNDERGROUND HELIUM-RICH GAS STORAGE
One important issue with the unique helium-rich gas deposits development in Eastern Siberia and the Far East is helium recovery and storage. Helium is a non-renewable resource. Compared with natural gas, helium has much lower density and higher viscosity as well as extremely high penetrability. These properties determine the features of helium behavior in a porous reservoir after injection. In particular, high penetrating power leads to high requirements for cap rock quality. The article provides recommendations on creation of operative underground helium-rich gas storages in undeveloped natural gas fields as well as analysis of helium behavior after injection into a natural gas reservoir depending on the reservoir properties (porosity and permeability).
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