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STRUCTURAL AND MATERIAL COMPOSITION AND PROBABLE RESERVES OF THE DEPOSIT OF FINE GOLD “MUKHOR-GORKHON” (WESTERN TRANSBAIKALIA)
The paleopotamological studies in the valley of the Mukhor-Gorkhon Creek showed that the mountainous relief exists here for rather long, and the hydrological parameters of paleocreek were close to the present-day ones. The significant amounts of fine-grained gold (17-18%) and a bit less of dust-like and finely dispersed one (5-6%) have been revealed in the placer. Materials of researches can be used at stages of search and prospecting works on placer gold.
Read MoreCURRENT TECHNOLOGIES AND METHODS OF DISPOSAL OF DRILLING WASTE
This article presents an overview of existing technologies and methods of drilling waste treatment. Drilling wastes represent a significant environmental hazard due to highly toxic elements within them. Now there is no universal method of disposal of waste drilling that would meet all environmental requirements. Each gas-oil company selects a method based on the utilization of a variety of factors, combining existing and developing new technologies disposal of waste drilling. We have analyzed and selected the method of disposal of drilling waste for the region on the example of the Astrakhan gas condensate field.
Read MoreREGULARITIES OF CREATION OF PRODUCTIVE THICKNESSES OF BUILDING SAND IN DRY BASINS OF THE PRIBAIKALYE
Intermountain basins terrace complex is the main source of the reconnoitered, search and expected resources of building sand in the Pribaikalye. Materials of researches can be used at stages of search and prospecting geological works on building sand.
Read MoreTHE FIRST DATA OF THE APATITE FISSION TRACK DATING OF THE ZAGAN METAMORPHIC CORE IN TRANSBAIKAL
According to structural and geochronological data, the formation of the Zagan metamorphic core occurred in the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. Later, according to fission track dating of apatite, in the tectonothermal history of the rocks composing the metamorphic core, three stages are clearly distinguished. 1) In the Late Cretaceous-Paleogene, high cooling rates of apatite to temperatures of 60-800 C can be observed. This corresponds to the exhumation of the rocks composing the core to depths of 1.5-2 km, which is associated with the ubiquitous processes of mountain formation in the region. The exhumation rates are estimated at 100 m / myr. 2) In the Neogene (25-5 myr), a period of weak tectonic activity (peneplenization) occurred everywhere. 3) Over the last 5-3 myr, tectonic activity has increased dramatically while the rate of exhumation (erosion) has increased to 400 m / myr, which is the maximum value that has been observed for the entire time period. Just over the last few million years, the foundation rocks of the Zagan complex were rapidly brought to the surface, which is associated with the reactivation of mountain formation processes.
Read MoreNEW DATA ON THE U-PB DATING OF ZIRCONS OF IGNEOUS AND METAMORPHIC ROCKS OF THE KURAY MOUNTAINS IN THE ALTAI REPUBLIC
In the axial region of the Kuray mountain range, metamorphic rocks of the Kuray assemblage are widely common. They rest in the form of tectonic plates separated by zones of metamorphic shale rocks and mylonites. The granitoids found in the field of distribution of rocks of the Kuray assemblage were traditionally interpreted as products of ultrametamorphism, an anatectic melting confined to the central parts of granite-gneiss domes. The authors of the study have dated zircons from the samples of granosyenite, quartz diorite, and from two samples of granite-gneisses of the Kuray assemblage using the U-Pb LA-ICP-MS method. The results demonstrate that granosyenites and diorites are of the same age (440.3 ± 7.3 and 449.1 ± 1.4 Ma) and are presumably different phases of the Late Ordovician igneous complex. The zircons from the granite-gneisses of the Kuray assemblage have similar ages of 445.0 ± 13.0 and 444.6 ± 9.9 Ma based on the cores, as well as the metamorphic rims of 367.8 ± 2.3 Ma. Presumably, the Late Ordovician intrusions have turned into granite-gneisses as a result of the Late Devonian metamorphism.
Read More“FOREIGN” MINERAL ASSOCIATIONS AND MULTI-STAGE NATURE OF THE JAMGYR GOLD DEPOSIT (WESTERN TIEN-SHAN)
The article discusses the results of studying gold mineralization of various objects called “foreign” that are part of mineral associations and are combined within the same deposit. The presence of atypical mineral parageneses of the deposit indicates its complex geological history. The study conducts an analysis of unusual associations of such minerals as gold, beryllium, bismuth, tungsten, carbon, copper, and molybdenum, some gold deposits of Russia, such as Karalveemskoye, Sovinoe (Chukotka), Ikanskoe, Vostochnoye Dvoynoe (Primorsky Krai), Kyzyk-Chadrskoe (Tuva). The study provides data on the thermobarogeochemical, mineralogical-petrographic, and geochemical studies of the Jamgyr deposit (Western Tien-Shan). The Jamgyr deposit contains such “foreign” mineral associations as gold, molybdenum and carbon. The study examines data on the stages of mineral formation of the Jamgyr deposit on the basis of data from the study of thermobarogeochemical parameters and mineral composition of vein and gold mineralization-containing rocks as well as the data on the study of primary geochemical halos of gold and molybdenum that reflect the features of the genesis of the Jamgyr deposit. The research substantiates the relationship between the halos of steam curing of gold and molybdenum mineralization discovered through thermobarogeochemical methods. Based on the analysis of data on these deposits and the studies of the genesis of the established mineral associations of the studied area, the article concludes that there are three stages of mineralization at the Jamgyr deposit: stockwork, carbonate-carbon-gold; molybdenum-porphyry, gold bearing; quartz-vein, gold-ore.
Read MoreCHAUSTINSKY METAMORPHIC COMPLEX OF THE NORTHERN PART OF THE ALTAI REPUBLIC: STRUCTURAL POSITION, AGE AND GEODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
The Chaustinsky metamorphic complex was formed when basalts of the ocean floor and sedimentary rocks (perhaps, the deep-sea trough and the ocean floor) were submerged in the subduction zone. The Ar-Ar age of the amphibole is 522 Ma (Early Cambrian Period) corresponds to the subduction stage, while the mica ages 489±5.7, 498±3.8 and 499±5.4 Ma (Upper Cambrian) reflect the exhumation of rocks as a result of return currents in the subduction zone. According to the results of geochemical studies, the protoliths for the metabasite rocks of the Chaustinky complex (amphibolites, garnet amphibolites) were mainly basalts of the N-Morb type, less often E-Morb. The obtained data are in good agreement with the ideas about the formation of the Anuisko-Chuiskaya zone of the Altai Mountains as a structure of the accretion wedge of the Kuznetsk-Altai island arc in the Vendian-Cambrian time.
Read MoreAN ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF STRATIGRAPHY SCHEMES OF PRE-PALEOZOIC METAMORPHIC COMPLEXES OF THE GREATER CAUCASUS
The article analyzes the development of research on the stratigraphy of metamorphic complexes of the Greater Caucasus for the period from 1908 to 2013. The development of the Interagency Stratigraphic Committee in the areas of classification and nomenclature of stratigraphic units contributed to the detailing of geological maps and stratigraphic schemes. The study estimates the influence of geosynclinal and mobilist theoretical concepts on the selection and interpretation of stratified geological bodies. By 1968, the identification of two pre-alpine geosyncline cycles in the Caucasus, the Baikal and the Hercynian, was substantiated. After 1975, a number of series and suites were classified as thrust sheets. Published in 1995, the petrographic code turned the term “complex” (kompleks) into a homonym, the use of which led to a terminological confusion and the distortion of stratigraphic schemes of metamorphic formations.
Read MoreON THE POTENTIAL OIL-AND-GAS-BEARING TERRITORIES OF THE NORTH-EAST OF YAKUTIA
The shelves of the Laptev Sea, the East Siberian Sea and the Chukchi Sea are promising raw hydrocarbon exploration areas of the North-Eastern part of Russia. This article describes the potential oil-and-gas-bearing areas of the North-East of Yakutia, which include the Primorskaya basin adjacent to the coast of the East Siberian Sea between the rivers Kolyma and Chukochya, Tastakhsky trough, located to the Northwest of this basin, Olginskiy submontane trough at the foothills of The Moma Range, and a series of small-size intermontane basins: Omoloyskaya, Selennyakhskaya, Uyandinskaya, Momskaya. The study illustrates the prospectivity assessment of these territories, which will provide an opportunity for prospecting and discovering the projected hydrocarbon deposits in the Arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
Read MoreEXTRACTION OF HYDROCARBONS IN THE RUSSIAN AND ARCTIC CONTINENTAL SHELF AND RELATED RISKS
This article discusses the basic problems of hydrocarbon production in the Russian and arctic shelves, as well as their solutions.
Read MoreDISTRIBUTION OF THE PLATINUM GROUP ELEMENTS IN THE AUTONOMOUS ANORTHOSITES OF THE SOUTH-EASTERN RIM OF THE NORTH-ASIAN CRATON
PGE distribution in anorthosites of the Archean massifs is caused by the “laws” of crystallization of the high temperature mss which lead to the concentration of Ni, Fe, S, Ru and Rh in the solid phase and Cu and Pd concentration in melts. The character of the PGE distribution spectra in the Paleoproterozoic anorthosites is associated with the lower temperatures of mss crystallization and is close to the rocks from the ophiolite complexes. At the same time the absolute PGE contents are typical to those in basalts of island arcs.
Read MoreCOMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF METHODS FOR CALCULATING SLOPE STABILITY UNDER 3D PROBLEM STATEMENT
3D modelling has ingrained into engineering analysis practice [1, p. 125-129], [2], [3, p. 320]. Thus far there is a large number of methods for 3D estimation of slope stability developed, based on both the numerical simulation and the principle of limit equilibrium [4, p. 94-101], [5, p. 75-81]. The article suggests a comparative analysis of calculation data on slope stability acquired through the limit equilibrium and finite-elements methods under 3D problem statement. As the target of research, we selected a section of the Sakhalin Railway on the section Pugachyovo-Makarov, exposed to the danger of landslide processes activating. Quantitative evaluation of slope stability is conducted through the limit equilibrium and finite-element methods under 3D problem statement. The key findings are as follows: the highest uncertainty of the calculations is linked with determining the configuration of the landslide body on the plan.
Read MoreTHE MONITORING OF GEODYNAMIC PROCESSES IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE ORENBURG REGION
In this article, a brief overview of the structural and tectonic zoning and geological structure of the Orenburg region is given. The problems related to geodynamic processes occurring on the territory of the Eastern Orenburg Region are identified.
Based on the analysis of the geodynamic state of the subsurface of the Eastern part of the Orenburg region, the authors suggest and justify an effective method for observing geodynamic processes using a seismological network.
They have developed a method of organizing a geodynamic testing area at the developed deposits of solid minerals using a network of seismic stations.
Read MoreINFLUENCE OF COMPOSITION OF ROCKS OF NATURAL BIOMINERAL COMPLEXES OF THE CAUCASUS NATURE RESERVE ON THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES
The aim of this work is to analyze the influence of the mineral composition of rocks consumed by wild ungulate animals in the territory of the Caucasus Nature Reserve on their antibacterial properties.
Methods
The granulometric composition of the rocks was determined by means of the sieve method according to GOST 12536-2014, the mineral composition of the rocks was determined with the help of x-ray diffractometry. The abundance and diversity of the actinomycete complex was estimated by the method of inoculating aqueous suspensions of samples on the solid nutrient medium. The initial differentiation of cultures was carried out on the basis of examining the morphological features of colonies in the optical microscope. A phylogenetic study of the isolated strains was performed by means of the analysis of 16S rRNA fragments and their comparison with similar fragments from the GenBank database. Screening for antibiotic activity was performed invitro by the volume displacement method.
Results
The confinedness of the largest number of prokaryotes to a smaller fraction of the selected samples (less than 1 mm) represented in the bulk by clay minerals – illite, smectite and kaolinite, was established. In this fraction, a large number of streptomycetes with antagonistic activity against pathogenic microorganisms and helminths is observed. Conclusion. During the development of actinomycetes, secondary metabolites are accumulated and/or secreted into the environment and they have antagonistic properties against other prokaryotes (antibiotics). The fact that animals eat rocks with actinomycetes actively developing in them can be a way of preventing or treating disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Animals can detect zones in the rocks where actinomycetes are actively developing with the help of the smell of geosmin – a volatile organic substance of terpene nature.
Read MoreTHE REASON FOR THE LACK OF RECEIPTS INTO A WELL ON THE OUTSKIRTS OF THE RESERVOIR FLUID DARYA AREA
In the article the reason for the lack-entering the well formation fluid.
Read MoreFEATURES OF ACTIVE BEZYMYANNYY STRATOVOLCANO FORMATION ON KAMCHATKA
The paper highlights the results of a study of volcanic processes on a large active Bezymyannyy stratovolcano, located on the Eastern mountain range of Kamchatka, in the Klyuchevskaya group of volcanoes of the Holocene age. This is one of the most active volcanoes in the world, characterized by continuous short-term explosive eruptions with powerful emissions of ash material, accompanied by lava flows and the formation of extrusions. This volcano became world-famous on March 30, 1956, among Soviet and foreign volcanologists, when there was a catastrophic eruption, which in the geological literature was called “directed explosion” or “Bezymyannyy type eruption.” In addition to volcanic structures, peculiar volcanic-sedimentary deposits of the volcano were also studied, represented by the so-called tephroids, which are the product of the movement and re-eruption of volcanic-clastic material of eruptions.
Read MoreCOMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UROLITES STRUCTURE FROM OF MADHYA PRADESH (INDIA) STATE AND UROLITES FROM TOMSK REGION (RUSSIA)
The paper presents the results of the study of morphology, structure, mineral and chemical composition of uroliths from the Madhya-Pradesh state (India) and uroliths from the Tomsk Region (Russia). The authors studied the morphology of uroliths and their structural features, as well as the mineral composition and relationships between minerals. The comparison of the morphology, structure and mineral composition of uroliths obtained from Indian patients showed that the uroliths from the Indian state of Madhya-Pradesh are similar to those from the Siberian region.
Read MoreSULFURIC ACID – PROSPECTS AND METHODS UTILIZATION IN ASTRAKHAN GAS CONDENSATE FIELD
Promising source of natural gas in Russia are Astrakhan fields. But production capacity at these fields is constrained by problems, which are caused by an abnormally high concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the formation fluid. One solution to this situation is the development of technology for utilization of acid gases to produce electricity and sulfuric acid. Analysis of the production and consumption of sulfuric acid in the domestic and global scales revealed wide possibilities of using prospective volume of sulfuric acid. There is the possibility of intensifying production of raw materials for oil and gas fields, the production of various types of products and raw materials for the implementation and use in various industries.
Read MoreFEATURES OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SURFACE WATERS AND BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN RIVERS AND LAKES OF KHMAD-YUGRA
The paper considers the chemical composition of surface waters (rivers and lakes) and bottom sediments in the Khanty-Mansyisk Autonomous District-Yugra, reveals the conditions for the formation of the chemical composition of water and the transition of chemical elements from liquid to a solid phase. A technique for analyzing the chemical composition of surface water and bottom sediments based on the combined use of cluster and correlation analysis methods is presented in the paper. The relationships between chemical elements in the water, bottom sediment system are studied as well.
Read MoreORE-GRADE GOLD MINERALIZATION IN PRECEMBRIAN METAMORPHIC COMPLEXES OF CENTRAL ALDAN
Ore-grade gold mineralization localized in Precambrian complexes is known on most of the crystal shields of our planet. The new genetic type of ore-grade gold mineralization has been discovered in the field of development of Precambrian metamorphic formations in recent years, as a result of exploration in the central part of the Aldan shield. This paper is a continuation of the studies of the gold content of Precambrian formations of the Aldan-Stan shield. This paper presents data on the composition and structure of the pegmatoid gold ore bodies of the deposit named after P. Pinigin localized exclusively in the bases of the tholeiitic series.
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