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USE OF AIR DRONES IN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
This paper describes the main tasks of the oil and gas industry, which can be solved using air drones. Prospective applications of air drones with large weight-lift in solving logistics tasks at the deposits in the near future are considered, which will significantly reduce economic costs and accelerate oil production processes by saving time. In addition, a list of the main domestic companies developing air drones is provided, as well as the average technical characteristics of their products.
Read MoreENGINEERING AND GEOLOGICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE CONCEPT AND STRUCTURE OF COMPLEX MONITORING OF SOME ARCHITECTURAL AND HISTORICAL MONUMENTS IN HANOI
The concept and structure of complex engineering and geological monitoring of architectural and historical monuments of Hanoi are proposed in the paper. The specificity of engineering, geological and hydro-geological conditions within the historical center of Hanoi is analyzed. Natural and man-made factors influencing the development of various processes and deformations of architectural and historical monuments are considered in the work. The content of the object engineering and geological monitoring for the Hanoi Cathedral and the Hanoi Flag Tower is proposed.
Read MoreINVESTIGATION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENT DISTRIBUTION IN THE NEAR-SURFACE HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS WITH THE HELP OF «SELECTOR PC» (IN EXAMPLE OF A GOLOVNINA VOLCANO, KUNASHIR ISLAND)
The chemical composition analysis of gas and thermal fluids of the Golovnin volcano (Kunashir Island, Kuril Islands) are done. The physical and chemical models of «flowing reactor» type for contrast kinds of fluids have been constructed with the help of the SELECTOR Program Complex (PC) at different conditions (P=1 bar and P=10 bar).
Solutions are divided into several groups according to its chemical composition – both to anion and to cation one. The relationship between physical and chemical parameters of springs and components content of ones are detected, the phase relations within systems for contrast groups throughout the numerical experiment are found out, the mineral ratio for solid phase are obtained.
Read MoreTHE DETERMINATION OF HETEROPHASE REACTIONS ZONES
This work is devoted to the question of heterophase reactions zones identification. The determination of the reactions zones is executed by us by minimum of errors of experimental data approximations by various functions. The four functions are selected as probes: the power function, exponential law and Avraami and Prout-Tompkins equations. Preference is given to the function with less rate constants errors in the case of equality of approximation errors. The reaction of fluorination of anorthosites by ammonia hydrodifluoride is given as an example. The result of reactions zones determination is agreed with result received by the traditional criterion (by value of activation energy).
Read MorePETROTERMALNOY IMPORTANCE OF ENERGY IN THE MODERN WORLD
In this paper, we consider the use petrotermal energy as a source of inexhaustible energy source of the Earth’s interior. Energy – is the most important sphere of human society today, it affects not only the factors of production, but also the material support of our society. Energy resource provides all the processes in production, social activities and information area. It was found that the use of coolants petrotermal are much more profitable and efficient than thermal and nuclear power plants.
Read MoreENGINEERING GEOLOGICAL FEATURES OF QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS AND TYPIFICATION OF SOILS OF HANOI CITY
The article deals with engineering geological features of Quaternary sediments in the profile of underground space of Hanoi. Classification of soils by their compressibility and bearing capacity for the purposes of typical construction is given. Physical and mechanical characteristics of Quaternary soils in the historical centre of the city are analysed. Significant influence of organic materials on physical and mechanical characteristics of soil in Hanoi area is noted. Paper describes organics distribution in depth as well as changes of some physical and mechanical properties of soils in the profile of Hanoi depending on the content of organic matter.
Read MorePRACTICAL CONFIRMATION DIVERSITY LAYERING SEDIMENTARY ROCKS CHERNOGOMORYA LATE PERIOD OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
The formation of sedimentary rock – a process quite complex, subject to the simultaneous action of a number of factors that leads to the identification of clear laws governing the formation of the final structure and properties. Sedimentary rocks of the Black Sea is a truly unique facility for geological study, it became apparent only with the advent of electronic microscopy for the study of thin sections at high resolution. This article provides practical results of the study shlivov sedimentary accumulations of Black sea.
Read MoreHYDROGEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF THE APTIAN-ALBIAN-CENOMANIAN COMPLEX KAMENNYJ OIL FIELD
Hydrogeodynamic and hydrogeochemical features of the Aptian-Albian-Cenomanian hydrogeological complex within Kamennyj oil fields are considered by the author. The field is located in the Krasnoleninsk petroliferous area of Western Siberia. Hydrogeological conditions of the Aptian-Albian-Cenomanian complex enough homogeneous despite the existence of elements of geodynamic water pressure system in the lower sedimentary cover. The basic process that has defined modern hydrogeological conditions in the study area have elision water exchange. Through this process in the Aptian-Albian-Cenomanian complex present excess hydrostatic reservoir pressure and sodium bicarbonate-type water by V.A. Sulin.
Read MoreHYDROGEOCHEMICAL CONDITIONS OF RYUPEL’SKO-HATTSKIJ AQUIFER IN SOUTHWESTERN TYUMEN REGION
Hydrogeochemical conditions Ryupel’sko-Hattskij aquifer within the Youth field fresh groundwater are considered in the article. In general hydrogeochemical conditions are sufficiently homogeneous. Limit values exceed the values of organoleptic characteristics. Corresponding preparation is necessary to improve the quality of groundwater used for drinking water supply.
Read MoreMACROCOMPONENTAL COMPOSITION OF GROUNDWATER LOWER-MIDDLE JURASSIC HYDROGEOLOGICAL COMPLEX OF TALIN OIL FIELD
Hydrogeochemical condition of Lower-Middle Jurassic hydrogeological complex within Talin oil fields considered by the author. The field is located in the area of oil and gas Krasnoleninsk Western Siberia. Elysion water exchange process significantly influenced the distribution of macro-components in ground waters. Considered in the article values of sodium chloride and boron-bromine genetic coefficients indicate significant metamorphism composition of water.
Read MoreENGINEERING GEOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF MORAINE SOILS TRANSFORMATION IN UNDERGROUND SPACE OF ST. PETERSBURG FOR EVALUATION OF THEIR BEARING CAPACITY
In the article the specifics of moraine deposits transformation in profile of St. Petersburg underground space are considered. It is established that in polluted and/or boggy areas with anaerobic conditions moraines are characterized by absence of cement bonds and by plastic behavior, as evidenced by the results of moraines triaxial testing under laboratory conditions. Examples of multistory buildings design and construction on the moraine soils, characterized by microbial lesion and high level of contamination, including buildings transition to an emergency and pre-emergency state are presented.
Read MoreTYPOMORPHIC FEATURES OF GARNET AND ILMENITE FROM MORKOKA’S KIMBERLITE PIPE (YAKUTIA)
The kimberlite indicator minerals from the low productivity Morkoka pipe, which is located in Daldyno-Alakit diamondiferous region of Yakutia, were studied. Garnets are presented as pyrope from lherzolitic and dunite-harzburgite parageneses. The most pyrope samples contain lowered range Cr2O4, enhanced range TiO2 and CaO. Ilmenite is characterized by a moderate amount of magnesium and high titanium content. The pyrope and ilmenite grains have relicts of magmatic surface with traces of dissolution and kelyphite rims. Despite the low productivity of pipe Morkoka, some signs of indicator minerals indicate that they belong to high diamond associations, which increases the prospects of kimberlite field Morkoka.
Read MoreMETHODS DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS OF COSMIC PARTICLES IN SALTS VERKHNEKAMSKOYE DEPOSIT
We discuss methods of detection and diagnosis of the origin of cosmic particles in the salt rocks on the example of salt of Verhnekamskoye deposit. We give the traditional methods of detection and identification of cosmic particles in a variety of sedimentary rock. The role of different methods for detection and identification of space particles are empirically found regularities of their classification. Substantiates the capillary method for the detection and diagnosis of extraterrestrial particles in the water-insoluble residue (NO) salt rocks. Examined and discussed the techniques and methods of analysis in the combined method is applicable for the extraction of minerals, trace and diagnosis of ground material of rocks and ores and products.
Read MoreIMPLEMENTATION OF POSSIBILITY MODERN RESEARCH METHODS IN GEOLOGY TO STUDY THE LATE QUATERNARY SEDIMENTATION ON THE PLATFORM AND FOLDED THE EDGE OF THE BLACK SEA
The practice of modern geological science are well represented various methods of investigation and interpretation of geological samples of various origins. In the case of objects requiring very thorough study in view of its specific character as the Black Sea, like technical support becomes indispensable. In this article the author gives a description of the unique features of the Black Sea Geology disclosed using modern geological tools. The results allow to form a very representative picture of the Black Sea’s geological history.
Read MoreSTUDY ON THE EFFECT OF BENTONITES COMPOSITION ON THEIR ABILITY TO FIX CESIUM AND STRONTIUM
Five bentonites samples of the different composition were saturated with Cs and Sr under the static conditions. The desorption were examined under the filtration of distilled water through the saturated bentonite samples. Most of the studed bentonites effectively retarded both Cs and Sr. Cs desorption values were 12-20%, and Sr desorption – 2,5 – 23%. Correlation of the chemical composition parameters of bentonites and their ability to fix cesium and strontium.
Read MoreZONES OF EXCESSIVE FISSURING AND FLUID PERMEABILITY AS FACTOR OF DRILLING PROBLEMS ON THE ASTRAKHAN GAS CONDENSATE FIELD
This article analyzes the causes of complications arising from the drilling-in of supra-salt, salt and sub-salt parts of the section of the Astrakhan gas condensate field. It has been established that the complications arise due to a number of factors: natural (salt tectogenesis, the presence of viscous plastic of salts and clays, fissility), and manmade (the speed of RIH/POOH operations, the discharges capacity, high drilling mud density and cementing fluids, the induced pressure). Five main intervals of the complications in the section of the field are identified and the causes of their formation are done. The article also provides recommendations for the prevention of the possible complications.
Read MoreFACTORING NATURAL GEOCHEMICAL DANGER OF TERRITORIES INTO ASSESSMENT OF NEGATIVE IMPACT OF MINING COMPLEXES ON THE ENVIRONMENT
The paper gives recommendations in regards to methods of mathematical statistics and GIS-technologies, application of up-to-date technologies of processing geochemical data that allow avoiding unreasonable payments (damage) for harmful environmental impact. We have considered an example of how at the territories of mining complexes high concentrations of toxic elements appear in open and subterranean waters due to occurrence of molybdenum that comes out to the daylight surface and that used to be blocked by quaternary deposits. Removal of molybdenum compounds has become the reason for getting into open and subterranean waters.
Read MoreBAUXITE-BEARING LATERITIC COVERS OF SANDAREDI AREA, REPUBLIC OF GUINEA
The paper concerns the formation conditions and the distribution of compositionally and genetically various bauxite-bearing lateritic covers (Republic of Guinea). The slightly laterized deposits of middle Miocene Sangaredi Group, subjected to iron loss and resilification and representing the parent substratum substance redeposited in the aqueous environment, have been first revealed and described. It is shown that, unlike bauxite-bearing classic lateritic covers formed on the initial parent substratum, high-grade sedimentary-lateritic bauxites represent the laterization products of Sangaredi Group epigenetically altered (bleached) in the glei geochemical environment. Subjacent rocks of the Sangaredi Group were also subjected to iron loss (bleaching), and, in combination with aluminum redistribution over the weathering profile, this resulted in formation of high-grade infiltration-metasomatic bauxites spatially and genetically related to the sedimentary-lateritic covers. There is a lithological-genetic classification of bauxites and associated rocks presented in the paper.
Read MoreSYNTHESIS OF MASTER ALLOYS MAGNESIUM-ZIRCONIUM
Alloys based on magnesium, which contain as alloying and modifying additives of zirconium and rare earth metals have higher mechanical strength, ductility and heat resistance. The study also identified technological principles of the use of medium frequency induction furnaces for melting master alloys magnesium-zirconium. There are problems of dissolution of zirconium in molten magnesium. In different conditions, the resulting master alloys with a zirconium content of from 17% to 21%. Studied the process of solubility of zirconium with increasing process temperature up to 800º C.
Read MoreFAVOURABLE FACTORS FOR LARGE-AREA GOLD DEPOSITS LOCALIZATION IN TERRIGENOUS COMPLEXES OF EASTERN PART OF MONGOLO-OKHOTSKY FOLDED BELT
Integrated analysis of geological materials for large-area gold ore deposit Albyn exploring in Upper-Selemdzhinsky ore region had been researched. The purpose of investigations is to determine the main factors favourable for its localization and formation for forecasting activity use. Its fixed that the favourable factors were: 1) ore field and knot localization above deep magmatic center; 2) at the intersection zone of deep meridian and longitude spreading fractures being correspond to magma- and fluid conductors; 3) ore field confinement to large shielded anticline with thick rock collector; 4) thrust positive role intensified bedded rocks permeability, hydroterms accumulation, metasomatosis and ore precipitation. These factors are the basis for forecasting of new gold ore deposits-prototypes in neighbor ore areas and regions.
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